The Attachment Theory On Child Abuse, The Family, And....

The Attachment Theory in Child Psychology The term attachment describes an infant s tendency to seek closeness to particular people and to feel more secure in their presence (Atkinson et al, 2000, p90). This essay will attempt to provide a brief and up to date summary of attachment theory and research, show how it is linked to Child Abuse, the Family, and Children and Divorce, critically evaluating attachment s predictive value. One of the most influential theories in the history of attachment has been that of John Bowlby developed during a study of the mental health of homeless children for the World Health Organisation in 1951. This proposed a multidisciplinary stance in which psychoanalysis appears to be integrated with paradigms such as ethology s imprinting phenomenon and critical period (Lorenz (1935) cited in Durkin (2000) p83), cybernetic theory of control systems (Bowlby (1988) p3), social, (Hodges Tizard (1989)), and cultural psychology (Gnaulati Heine (2001)). Whereas it seems that Freud and virtually all subsequent analysts had worked from an end-product backwards, whilst agreeing with the importance of the relationship with the mother, Bowlby took the reverse position to understand the origin, function and development of the child s early socio-emotional relations. His early research concluded that the development of a warm, intimate, and continuous relationship with his mother Bowlby, (1953) cited in Gross (2000) p550,Show MoreRelated The Attachment Theory in Child Psychology Essay2260 Words   |  10 PagesThe Attachment Theory in Child Psychology The term attachment describes an infants tendency to seek closeness to particular people and to feel more secure in their presence (Atkinson et al, 2000, p90). This essay will attempt to provide a brief and up to date summary of attachment theory and research, show how it is linked to Child Abuse, the Family, and Children and Divorce, critically evaluatingRead MoreThe Role Of Parents Absent Homes Are More Frequently Perpetrators Of Crimes1382 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Over the past 50 years families have been affected by dramatic increases in the prevalence of nonmarital childbearing, divorce, and remarriage. In the United States nearly four in ten births are to unmarried women (Ventura 2009) and the number of children under the age of 18 living in mother only families has risen from 8% in 1960 to 23% in 2010 (U.S. Census Bureau 2010). Though the thought of how upsetting it is to grow up without a father may cross people’s mind, not many peopleRead MoreDivorce the Psychological Theories of Development2116 Words   |  9 Pages The Effects of Divorce on Children Based on the Application of the Psychological Developmental Theories Abstract This paper looks at the effects of divorce on children based on the application of various psychological developmental theories. More specifically, children within the age groups of 4 to 6 and 7 to 11 will be taken into account. The theories explored and applied will include Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Erikson’s psychosocial tasks, Bowlby’s attachment theory, Piaget’s cognitiveRead MoreAdolescence And Emerging Adults : Adolescence2029 Words   |  9 Pagesbiopsychosocial approach emphasizes that biological factors, psychological factors and social factors interact together and influence the problems faced by adolescence and emerging adults. During adolescence and emerging adulthood, various problems such as drug abuse, emotional problems, relationship problems and academic problems affect individuals due to various risk factors. Risk factors are predictors of problems that an individual may face. The risk factors do not guarantee that an individual w ould developRead MoreEthological Theory of Attachment: The Development of Emotion in Children1803 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿How Ethological Theory of Attachment Helps in Understanding the Development of Emotion in Children from Adversity? Introduction Attachment theory has been jointly worked out by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. In presenting this theory, both of them have drawn out ideas from the fields of ethology, cybernetics, information processing, developmental psychology, and psychoanalysts. However, John Bowlby is the chief contributor who has originated the essential tenets of the theory. Thus, he has revolutionizedRead MoreNature vs. Nurture1655 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologists have argued over which plays the larger role in child development, heredity or environment. One of the first theories was proposed in the seventeenth century by the British philosopher John Locke. Locke believed that a child was born with an empty mind, tabula rasa (meaning blank slate) and that everything the child learns comes from experience, nothing is established beforehand. Years later, Charles Darwin brought forth his theory of evolution, which led to a return of the hereditarianRead MoreRochester Youth Development Study: Relationship Between Family and Juvenile Delinquency1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe behavior among juveniles and family problems among their homes is a major issue at hand in our society today. According to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (2010), in the year 2010, 784 juveniles were arrested for murder, 2,198 for rape, and 35,001 for aggravated assault. The amount of juveniles being involved in violent crimes is very detrimental to all aspects of our society, but environmental factors are a major component of this issue that needs to be analyzed. The questionRead MoreDoes Household Structure Cause a Child to Become a Violent Individual?1629 Words   |  7 PagesSingle-parent households solely influence children to become abusers of their spouses, children and themselves and are expected to experience domestic violence in their lives. Rather than having the balance of a two-parent home, single-parented children are constantly exposed to stress and ultimately become abusers them selves. This leads to a vicious and continuous cycle that could lead to the destruction of generations thereafter. The trend of single-parent households are drastically increasingRead MoreA Comprehensive And Insightful Psychosocial Analysis Of Human Development Across The Lifespan1354 Words   |  6 Pageslifespan. It encompasses a vast array of purported psychosocial developmental theories which are applicable to all practices within the helping professions and in general, corresponds primarily to the course of a human life. This book has 12 chapters where chapter contents include: the birth of a human being: what makes us who we are; a secure base: the importance of attachment; adolescence, identity and change; family systems and their life cycle; growing up with a disability and; themes in oldRead MoreAttachment Theory In Pregnancy815 Words   |  4 PagesOver the last two decades, multiple studies that have examined the stability of attachment classification from infancy have shown significant discrepancies between the rates of continuity, particularly among the low and high-risk groups, a s well as, greater rates of discontinuity among middle-risk groups. Waters et al (2000) administered 12-month-old low-risk infants with the Strange Situation Task in a twenty-year longitudinal study and reported a stability rate of 64%, whereas, Aikins, Howes and

Taking action that risks destroying a friendship Free Essays

Some people think letting a friend make a mistake is better than taking action that risks destroying a friendship. However, I prefer to let my friend know his or her mistake when I know it . This is because I can direct my friend to proper way and lead both of us to keep a stable relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Taking action that risks destroying a friendship or any similar topic only for you Order Now First of all, I want my friend to know proper behavior because I truly care about my friend. If I see my friend make a mistake, I will make my friend know about his or her attitude. For my personal example, I had an experience about my friend who really likes to borrow others’ stuffs for her own benefit. I knew our friendship will be broken if I tell her not to do it. However, I told her about my opinion and showed my frankness for my friend’s future. While I kept talking about her bad habit, she eventually understood to the extent that she was selfish. After this, she highly cares other people first over herself. Therefore, I strongly believe that it is better to get involved in case people seetheir friends are about to make a mistake. Second, it helps me feel better to tell my thoughts of my friend’s behavior because telling the truth is more beneficial for our steady relationship. Even though telling downside of my friend is unpleasant for the time being, our friendship will be stronger and more stable in the future. Using my personal experience as an example, I have the best friend in Korea whom I keep in touch with even though I am in United States now. We met each other in freshman year. He is outgoing and sociable, so he really enjoys meeting a new girl for fun. Since I really worried about my friend’s unserious relationships with several girls, I advised him about his dating. At first, he was so angry with me at first, but we become best friend now after he realized my truth. Therefore, I believe that telling a friend to correct bad behaviors helps me to make the friendship stronger. To sum up, taking action that risks destroying a friendship is better for all in the long run. For these reasons, I strongly agree that it is better to get involved to prevent my friends from making mistakes rather than letting them make a mistake. How to cite Taking action that risks destroying a friendship, Papers

Business Model Innovation in Economy †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Business Model Innovation in Economy. Answer: Introduction Tourism is a vibrant and competitive business which demands and needs the capability to adapt to regularly to customers diverse and new desires. The two elements namely direct and indirect play an important role in tourism industry. Direct elements include those areas of industry which are in direct contact with travellers Sales, lodging, conveyance, activities, attractions, and auxiliary services. Indirect components of the Tourism Industry are frequently called support divisions. Those parts of the tourism business which may not come into coordinate contact with travellers, but rather without whatever is left of the business couldn't work. They incorporate foundation, roads, aerodromes, public services, community, public lavatories, symbols, industrial, construction Industry, power, water supply, sewerage and pollutants transfer. Airbnb was founded in August 2008 in San Francisco, California. Airbnb is confidential group commercial centre for individuals to list, find, and reserve incomparable services all over the world; it can be through the web or through a cell phone or tablet (Ryan, 2016). Regardless of a loft for a night, a hall for seven days, or an estate for 30days, Airbnb interfaces persons to one of a kind tourism meeting, at all value point in more than 65 thousand urban zones and 191 nations. Airbnb is the demanding route for individuals to adapt their supplementary space and grandstand it to a crowd of individuals of millions. The geographic market division is finished considering the elements, for instance, visitors' place of the starting point. This factor is vital as the travellers had with better places are raised with various cultures and are shown diverse abilities of conduct. It is an essential kind of division for Airbnb. This division is completed by considering the visitor's gender, age, status, ethnicity, occupation, religion, wage, instruction, and relatives (Zervas, Proserpio Byers, 2014). This is also important forAirbnb to consider its customer choices and demand. The individuals in this division is considered by tourist agent after checking concentration of the tourists. They accumulate data about the travellers advantages, states of mind, their method for living, sentiments, and general identity (Guttentag, 2015). Pricing models which Airbnb can adopt: In defining the price of Airbnb products, it should consider various operating cost distribution cost and margin. Variable cost: These are the cost for Airbnb which vary directly with the output. This cost also increases at a fixed rate relative to cost and labour. For instance: wages, gas, electricity charges, cleaning expenses, bank fee and much more (Forgacs Dimanche, 2016). Fixed cost: These costs are not dependent on output. These remain constant regardless of the level of revenue. This includes mainly rent, buildings, machinery and much more possessed by Airbnb. Profit margin: It is significant to evaluate what other competitors of Airbnb are proposing and then determining which products and services of Airbnb can offer a higher profit margin. Distribution network cost: The distribution network comprises of travel representatives, national and abroad retailers and inbound tourism operators (ITOs). Airbnb distribution network assists all distribution networks in providing services and raising profile to consumers. Future plans of marketing and practices of Airbnb: City host listing: The City Hosts beta is Airbnb for days out, permitting travellers to get a fresh feel for some hours in their destination city by doing their hobby exercises like running, fishing and many more (Osterwalder, et al., 2014). In relation to popularity, the rivalry (winning a vacation in the floating house) brought 73,500 people to the Airbnb site; more than 20000 of them were fresh to Airbnb. Neighbourhood guides: There are 23 neighborhood guides curated via Airbnb, for the biggest conurbations where Airbnb has multiplied. All are extensive. There is much to adore about these aides, with Airbnb's indomitable manner of speaking ringing all through. Airbnb should explore out more to this are in order to success in future. 2016 has seen Airbnb additionally build up its image recommendation, established in travel, groups, individuals, and encounters. The Live their campaign can aggregate this up splendidly, standing out the Airbnb encounter from more customary, more inauthentic travel. Design of App: The application was overhauled for the Live There battle dispatch. It now offers a more customized understanding, with Airbnb enhancing its coordinating calculations to give clients the correct data and postings. However, it can become a straightforward plan which will attract the most of the travellers (Minghetti Buhalis, 2010). Social media has turned into a close necessity for most buyer challenging organizations like Airbnb. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and numerous different stages are turning into a bigger and bigger piece of our everyday lives. Cooperating with potential explorers in these spots by Airbnb is a powerful approach to assemble a noticeable brand and create goodwill. Making a group of these web-based social networking stages can be genuinely reasonable yet at the same time give a gathering of supporters that will see customary informing from the page. Producing matter to keep profiles dynamic is commonly the most time-consuming work of social media, however in the event that there is as of now unique services and products being created for the site, it can be effectively reformatted for web-based social networking. Website: Clearly, the plan and appearance of a site are essential elements. Visual components of the site should coordinate that of the Airbnb brand and prompt a positive ordeal for focused clients (Planing, 2015). Substance and web page highlights are the other portion of the advertisement. Site guests will probably be hoping to discover certain data about the goal and what they can hope to see there while going by. They may likewise be searching for approaches to book housing or stimulation while they are going to. A major piece of tourism business through Airbnb is getting "heads in beds," which implies inspiring guests to remain in lodgings and visit eateries that are a piece of the tourism association. Regardless of whether it's reserving a room or reserving a spot for a movement, the site should make these sorts of highlights and substance simple to discover and utilize. Social content: The objective of a digital presence is to be a one-stop asset for individuals inspired by venturing out to the territory. Hooking potential voyagers with attractions and exercises was the initial step taken by Airbnb. In any case, those endeavours are trailed by furnishing them with the suitable data to design a total excursion (Hung, Shang Wang, 2010). Making enlightening and connecting with unique substance is the best approach to fulfill this and adopted by Airbnb. Blog entries, recordings, info-graphics, and different perceptions are for the most part cases of the unique substance that can be utilized to make assets for guests which are practiced by Airbnb. Blog: In the tourism business, blogging is one of the significant tricks which enable to tell a travellers story to another traveller (Song, et al., 2012). This helps Airbnb to engage customers as well in brand and advertising. Blogs are the necessary vehicle acting as the mediator between customers and company. Email marketing: Extraordinary email advertising efforts don't simply happen. It requires a ton of technique, arranging and testing to think of simply the correct blend that works for Airbnb Company. Furthermore, it requires an email methodology to help it. Having set up an email advertising procedure won't just enable the company to send offers on time, yet will likewise enable Airbnb to adjust their substance to the correct gathering of people and show signs of improvement which comes because of your email campaigns (Peppers Rogers, 2016). Google display advertising: Sometimes companies fail to recall that apart from high standing in Google SERPs, the public still needs to be visually motivated for a superior click-through frequency (Kir?ov Pavl?eka, 2015). Airbnb selected to participate in Google display advertising with poster and banner ad campaigns comprising of pictures from real housing offered to customers during their stays. This permitted Airbnb to appeal worldwide traffic and growth their programmes intensely. Craigslist: Airbnb acknowledged they expected to coordinate with two computerized marketing giants to get enough clients (Lehr, 2015). Clearly, Google is the place to be for any web-based business site, yet Craig's List can be utilized for get-away rentals, particularly for a shared business. This vital move enabled Airbnb to get the hosts and customers important to give them a decent head begin in their market. Since individuals were at that point utilizing Craig's List to post advertisements for here and now lodging, Airbnb chose to give individuals a chance to have the chance to share their Airbnb posts on Craig's List too, driving more movement to both the client's posting and its website. Recommending new or innovative idea Influencers are individuals which has developed a relationship or following around their own online brand. For instance, think bloggers, YouTube bloggers, Instagram live story and many more. Numerous influencers are having the large followings and an extremely engaged viewer (Rauch, 2014). They have been making content for a particular specialty for quite a while and their gathering of people is constantly cheerful and even anxious to see more from them. This can help Airbnb to influence all its travellers more and give them more facilities and offers for following the Airbnb. Travels and tourism related business idea that Airbnb can consider for expanding its business is luggage delivery services. Luggage delivery business is tied in with helping explorers to maintain a strategic distance from the hassles of possessions roundabout holding up and security checks. Indeed baggage conveyance administrations go the additional mile to give gear to their clients. All the client need to do is simply to pack their voyaging garments and all other things that they are carrying with the baggage. Airbnb as the baggage Delivery Company can take and store the gear for their sake (Clemons, Nunes Reilly, 2010). They likewise help in encoding the contents online with the goal that the proprietor can refresh its content against another trip. Baggage conveyance benefit is where a tourist luggage or sports is geared from travellers and conveyed to lodging, resort or some other physical address. Gear remittances are diminishing and abundance baggage expenses expanding. A few voyagers can't physically deal with their gear, specifically some senior explorers and explorers with incapacities. Thus Airbnb can grab this opportunity and can expand its business operations in luggage delivery. Following are the area in which Airbnb can improve: A common email address like response@airbnb.com for all the queries and support should be changed to multiple addresses. As this is causing customer great chaos to get support on time. Distributing email address or creating email support of agents can help Airbnb to sort these queries and create faster support to customers and travellers (Mody, Suess Dogru, 2017). Issuing temporary funds: When a client requests their cash back, similar to Visa organizations do. Regardless of how you turn it, Airbnb is basically an agent benefitting off of exchanges amongst host and visitor, much the same as a Mastercard organization goes about as the mediator between a vendor and client for an exchange. Temporary discounts, pending a question examination following the model of Visa organizations gives clients some bit of brain (Tsai Chen, 2011). It's the slightest Airbnb can do as an organization when taking a cut of each transaction. Conclusion: From the above report it has been analysed that as Airbnb is performing very good in tourism industry. It is providing its travellers very convenient and low fares for its services and packages. It considers various pricing factors for deciding prices for its services. It is having various customer segments as well where its current business operation is running successfully. Airbnb is adopting various marketing strategies to attract customers and travellers. It can adopt various new strategies as well to enhance its market image amongst the mind of customers. The Airbnb can improve over its some of the area where it is weakening due to its policies. It can expand to some new business operation as well to increase its business to new market. References Clemons, E. K., Nunes, P. F., Reilly, M. (2010). Six Strategies for Successful Niche Marketing.The Wall Street Journal. Forgacs, G., Dimanche, F. (2016). Revenue challenges for hotels in the sharing economy: facing the Airbnb menace.Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management,15(6), 509-515. Guttentag, D. (2015). Airbnb: disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector.Current issues in Tourism,18(12), 1192-1217. Hung, W. T., Shang, J. K., Wang, F. C. (2010). Pricing determinants in the hotel industry: Quantile regression analysis.International Journal of Hospitality Management,29(3), 378-384. Kir?ov, A., Pavl?eka, A. (2015). Development of social media strategies in tourism destination.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,175, 358-366. Lehr, D. D. (2015). An analysis of the changing competitive landscape in the hotel industry regarding Airbnb. Minghetti, V., Buhalis, D. (2010). Digital divide in tourism.Journal of Travel Research,49(3), 267-281. Mody, M., Suess, C., Dogru, T. (2017). Comparing apples and oranges? Examining the impacts of Airbnb on hotel performance in Boston. Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., Bernarda, G., Smith, A. (2014).Value proposition design: How to create products and services customers want. John Wiley Sons. Peppers, D., Rogers, M. (2016).Managing Customer Experience and Relationships: A Strategic Framework. John Wiley Sons. Planing, P. (2015). Business model innovation in a circular economy reasons for non-acceptance of circular business models.Open journal of business model innovation,1, 11. Rauch, R. (2014). Top 10 Hospitality Industry Trends in 2015.Hotel, Travel Hospitality. Ryan, D. (2016).Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Song, H., Dwyer, L., Li, G., Cao, Z. (2012). Tourism economics research: A review and assessment.Annals of Tourism Research,39(3), 1653-1682. Tsai, C. H., Chen, C. W. (2011). The establishment of a rapid natural disaster risk assessment model for the tourism industry. Tourism Management,32(1), 158-171. Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., Byers, J. W. (2014). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of Airbnb on the hotel industry.Journal of Marketing Research.